Mongolian cattle, a Chinese indigenous breed, are primarily found in Inner Mongolia, but some also exist in the northeast, north, and northwest. Their coat colors vary, including brindle or reddish brown, and can occasionally be seen in black, yellow, or pied. There are two types of Mongolian cattle: Ujumqin and Halhïn Gol. In 1949, limited crossbreeding with European breeds was introduced to improve the breed.
For centuries, Mongolian cattle have been herded by nomads and are prized for their meat. Unfortunately, 40,000 of the breed died in 2008 due to harsh winter conditions.