Castillonais (also known as Cheval Ariegeois de Castillon, cheval
du Biros, or Saint-Gironnais) horses are an ancient breed of small riding horse
from the Ariege departement of southwestern France.
Castillonnais horses originally were bred for cavalry,
agriculture, and driving. They declined in population during the 20th century,
and almost became extinct. In 1980, a group of supporters began to work to save
the breed, and a breed association, now called the Association Nationale du
Cheval Castillonnais d'Ariege Pyrenees (ANCCAP), was formed in 1992. The breed
was officially recognized by the French Ministry of Agriculture in 1996. The
French government, breed association and a regional conservation group all now
share an interest in the preservation of the breed. Population numbers are
still quite low, and inbreeding is a concern.
Their phenotype is currently in flux, but overall they
resemble Merens horses. Enthusiasts are breeding for a rustic mountain horse,
of medium size, with good gaits and good temperament. Some members of the breed
closely resemble Iberian horses such as Andalusian horses. The official breed
standard calls for a moderately long neck and long, sloped shoulder, broad
back, rounded croup and muscular legs.
Castillonnais horses range from 13.1 to 15.1 hands (53 to 61
inches, 135 to 155 cm) high, with the ideal height for mares being 14.1 hands
(57 inches, 145 cm) and 14.2 hands (58 inches, 147 cm) for stallions. Two
colors are allowed in the breed: dark bay and black, both with pangare
modification, which results in paler color around the eyes and muzzle and on
the underside of the body. Horses of any other color are prohibited from entry
into the studbook and all horses are genetically tested to officially determine
their color before they are allowed into the studbook. The breed is considered
to be an easy keeper, with an easygoing temperament. The horses are agile, sure-footed
on mountain paths, and exhibit extended gaits, with strong engagement of the
hindquarters.
About Castillonais Horses
